Multi-parameter elastic full-waveform inversion based on the time-lapse VSP Snowflake data

Xiaohui Cai, Kristopher A. Innanen, Qi Hu, Donald C. Lawton

Vertical seismic profile (VSP) is one of the technologies for monitoring hydrocarbon production and CO₂ geosequestration. We present a workflow of three-parameter elastic full-waveform inversion (EFWI) applied to VSP field data to identify and estimate time-lapse changes introduced by injection of CO₂ at 300 m depth. Application of this workflow to the Snowflake field data shows that EFWI is able to detect and quantify the time-lapse anomaly in P wave velocity with the magnitude of 130-210 m/s.